Análisis de relevancia clínica aplicado a 3métodos de reducción de peso en pacientes con sobrepeso u obesidad seguidos durante un año / Analysis of clinical relevance applied to 3methods of reducing weight in overweight or obesity followed-up for one year

Objetivo: Analizar el efecto de la utilización/implementación de 3métodos para reducir peso en pacientes con sobrepeso u obesidad, durante un año de seguimiento. Material y métodos: El diseño corresponde a un ensayo clínico, aleatorizado y controlado, doble ciego, con 3brazos y 12 meses de seguimiento. Los pacientes se aleatorizaron en 3grupos de intervención: intervención motivacional de obesidad con enfermera entrenada previamente en intervención motivacional por psicólogos expertos (G1; n=60); intervención en consulta de menor intensidad, sin grupo motivacional, con apoyo de plataforma digital (G2; n=61) y un tercer grupo que recibía recomendación de perder peso y seguimiento en consulta de Atención Primaria (G3; n=59). Se midieron las variables antropométricas (peso, talla y perímetro de cintura abdominal) y se consideró como principal medida de la efectividad del tratamiento el porcentaje de pacientes que lograron al año reducir su peso ≥5%. Resultados: Todos los grupos disminuyeron significativamente el peso al final del estudio. Fue más intensa la disminución en el G1 (−5,6kg), seguido del G2 (−4,3kg) y del G3 (−1,7kg); media en su conjunto: −3,9kg. Los indicadores de relevancia clínica fueron en el G1/G3: riesgo relativo (RR): 4,99 (IC 95%: 2,71 a 9,18); reducción relativa del riesgo (RRR): 399,1% (de 171,3 a 818,0); reducción absoluta del riesgo (RAR): 65,3% (de 51,5 a 79,1) y NNT: 2 (de 2 a 2). En los grupos G2/G3: RR: 3,01 (de 1,57 a 5,76); RRR: 200,5% (de 57,0 a 475,5); RAR: 32,8% (de 16,9 a 48,7) y NNT: 4 (de 3 a 6). En los grupos G1/G2: RR: 1,66 (de 1,25 a 2,20); RRR: 66,1% (de 25,3 a 120,1); RAR: 32,5% (de 16,6 a 48,4) y NNT: 4 (de 3 a 7). Conclusiones: Los 3grupos consiguieron reducir el peso, si bien el grupo con intervención motivacional alcanzó la mayor disminución y los indicadores de relevancia clínica más favorables (AU)

Objective: To analyse the effect of the use/implementation of 3methods to reduce weight in overweight or obese patients during one year of follow up. Material and methods: The design corresponds to a double-blind, randomised, controlled clinical trial with 3arms, and 12 months of follow-up. Patients were randomised into 3intervention groups: obesity motivational intervention, with a nurse previously trained in motivational intervention by expert psychologists (G1; n=60); lower intensity consultation, non-motivational group, with digital platform support (G2; N=61), and a third group that received recommendations for weight loss and follow-up in Primary Care Clinic (G3; n=59). Anthropometric variables (weight, height, and abdominal-waist circumference) were measured, and the percentage of patients who managed to reduce their weight ≥5% was considered as the main measurement of treatment effectiveness. Results: All groups significantly decreased body weight at the end of the study, with a reduction in G1 (−5.6kg) followed by G2 (−4.3kg), and G3 (−1.7kg), with an overall mean: −3.9kg. The indicators of clinical relevance were in G1/G3: relative risk (RR): 4.99 (95% CI: from 2.71 to 9.18); relative risk reduction (RRR): 399.1% (171.3 to 818.0); Absolute risk reduction (RAR): 65.3% (from 51.5 to 79.1) and NNT: 2 (from 2 to 2). In the G2/G3 groups: RR: 3.01 (from 1.57 to 5.76); RRR: 200.5% (from 57.0 to 475.5); RAR: 32.8% (from 16.9 to 48.7) and NNT: 4 (from 3 to 6). In the G1/G2 groups: RR: 1.66 (from 1.25 to 2.20); RRR: 66.1% (from 25.3 to 120.1); RAR: 32.5% (from 16.6 to 48.4) and NNT: 4 (from 3 to 7). Conclusions: All 3groups were able to reduce weight. Although the group with motivational intervention achieved the greatest decrease, as well as the most favourable clinical relevance indicators (AU)

[Analysis of clinical relevance applied to 3methods of reducing weight in overweight or obesity followed-up for one year]. / Análisis de relevancia clínica aplicado a 3métodos de reducción de peso en pacientes con sobrepeso u obesidad seguidos durante un año.

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the effect of the use/implementation of 3methods to reduce weight in overweight or obese patients during one year of follow up. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The design corresponds to a double-blind, randomised, controlled clinical trial with 3arms, and 12 months of follow-up. Patients were randomised into 3intervention groups: obesity motivational intervention, with a nurse previously trained in motivational intervention by expert psychologists (G1; n=60); lower intensity consultation, non-motivational group, with digital platform support (G2; N=61), and a third group that received recommendations for weight loss and follow-up in Primary Care Clinic (G3; n=59). Anthropometric variables (weight, height, and abdominal-waist circumference) were measured, and the percentage of patients who managed to reduce their weight ≥5% was considered as the main measurement of treatment effectiveness. RESULTS: All groups significantly decreased body weight at the end of the study, with a reduction in G1 (-5.6kg) followed by G2 (-4.3kg), and G3 (-1.7kg), with an overall mean: -3.9kg. The indicators of clinical relevance were in G1/G3: relative risk (RR): 4.99 (95% CI: from 2.71 to 9.18); relative risk reduction (RRR): 399.1% (171.3 to 818.0); Absolute risk reduction (RAR): 65.3% (from 51.5 to 79.1) and NNT: 2 (from 2 to 2). In the G2/G3 groups: RR: 3.01 (from 1.57 to 5.76); RRR: 200.5% (from 57.0 to 475.5); RAR: 32.8% (from 16.9 to 48.7) and NNT: 4 (from 3 to 6). In the G1/G2 groups: RR: 1.66 (from 1.25 to 2.20); RRR: 66.1% (from 25.3 to 120.1); RAR: 32.5% (from 16.6 to 48.4) and NNT: 4 (from 3 to 7). CONCLUSIONS: All 3groups were able to reduce weight. Although the group with motivational intervention achieved the greatest decrease, as well as the most favourable clinical relevance indicators.

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